Types of Sleep Disorders

The umbrella term sleep disorder is in reference to circumstances that impact sleep quality, timing, or length and effect on a person’s capability to function properly when they are awake. These disorders can lead to other medical issues, and some might also be symptoms for undisclosed mental health problems.

Our understanding and knowledge of sleep health has grown over the past forty years. More than one hundred specific sleep disorders have been discovered, and today’s categories use complex methods to classify these disorders based on their symptoms, causes, physiological and psychological impacts, and other benchmarks.

Insomnia

Insomnia is characterized by a continual difficulty to fall or stay asleep even though wanting to sleep and having enough time for sleeping. Those with insomnia additionally endure daytime sleepiness and may have trouble functioning when they are awake. Chronic insomnia is identified when somebody experiences these symptoms no less than three times a week for no less than three months.

Up to seventy percent of adults regularly experience some type of insomnia.
Insomnia is more likely to happen in older adults, lower social class, and depression or anxiety.
Therapy, OTC sleeping aids, and other methods can decrease or resolve symptoms of insomnia.

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a general sleep-associated breathing disorder that disturbs breathing at night. Those with this condition often heavily snore and might wake up gasping for air or choking. Two forms of sleep apnea exist. Obstructive sleep apnea takes place when tissues in the mouth and throat loosen, often obstructing the upper respiratory tract. Central sleep apnea takes place when the brain briefly stops transmitting signals to the muscles that manage breathing.

Obstructive sleep apnea affects at least thirty million US citizens; however, a lot of cases go unidentified.
Those with sleep apnea usually experience daytime sleepiness and fatigue, in addition to headaches in the morning and mouth dryness.
Treatment alternatives for sleep apnea include Pulse Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMF), CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) therapy, Inspire® therapy, oral devices, and, in rare cases, surgery.

Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a disorder making people feel overly tired throughout the day despite getting a proper amount of sleep. This could lead to an uncontrollable urge to sleep, resulting in “sleep attacks” that usually last for a couple of minutes. Those sleep attacks and other signs of this disorder are caused by interruptions in the brain’s ability to manage the sleep-wake cycle.

Narcolepsy impacts approximately 1 in 2,000 US citizens.
Sleep attacks can be fraught by cataplexia, an abrupt loss of muscle strength causing people to hunch over as they doze off.
Those with narcolepsy are at high risk for accidents or injuries, but treatment with medication and changes in lifestyle can help.

Restless Legs Syndrome

Individuals with restless legs syndrome (RLS) experience a tingling or crawling sensation that creates an irrepressible urge of moving their legs. Those sensations and urges to move tend to worsen when sitting or lying down, making it challenging to sleep. RLS is associated with pregnancy, Parkinson’s disease, iron deficiencies, and other conditions, however, the cause of most RLS cases is undetermined.

Up to fifteen percent of people have RLS, but only around two to three percent experience considerable symptoms.
RLS symptoms are not only caused by rest, but they may also worsen with caffeine use and intake of specific medications.
Healthy sleep routines, changes in diet, exercise, medical equipment, and medications are effective treatment approaches for restless legs syndrome.

Excessive Sleepiness

It is common to feel sleepy following a night of sleep loss. However, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is medical terminology that describes extreme fatigue happening almost every day for no less than three months. EDS makes it challenging or impossible to stay awake throughout the day. A wide range of medical and mental conditions can lead to EDS, including sleep apnea, chronic pain, narcolepsy, hypothyroidism, anxiety, and depression.

EDS is believed to happen in up to twenty-five percent of the population.
EDS is not a sleep disorder per se, but instead a symptom of many sleep disorders and other health conditions.
To establish the cause of EDS, a doctor may suggest sleep studies or other tests.

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